A Question of Authority

By Jonathan Smith; en.d@msn.com

Introduction

Recently, the debate over Pastor Ron Kelly, Conrad Vine, the Village Church and the Michigan Conference of SDAs has focused on the administrative leave of the pastor, the “censorship” of Vine, COVID mandate and vaccines, and the tithe among other things, while something else is overlooked that is very critical to examine. This paper does not attempt to determine which group is correct in their understanding of the theological points that are raised.

A lot of comments online (videos, social media posts, etc.) have directed harsh, accusatory and condemnatory words at the church leadership, based on the analysis of the leaders’ handling of the covid mandates and exemption requests, of the way Kelly and Vine were treated, and some have called for retaliatory action to be taken by church members. This has excited comments from near and far, even foreign countries. There are even comments on redirecting or withholding the tithe as a way to punish or coerce church leaders who do not act in the ways the protestors want.

Is this the correct way to act in the face of perceived injustice or transgressions? Can the protestors justify their words and actions before God? Are there dangers that have not been considered in all of this? Should the commentators and actors take a deep breath, step back, moderate their actions and consider a potentially grave danger? The danger is not to the church (which will survive), but to their souls. For this reason I have taken the opportunity to put my thoughts to paper in the hope it can have wide circulation and cause some, if not all, to pull back from the brink of danger.

Today we want to examine the question of authority, which is, “the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience.” When we examine the Bible (for example, Acts 23:3-5, Exodus 22:28, Ecclesiastes 10:20, 1 Peter 2:13-15, 2 Peter 2:10, Hebrews 13:17, Romans 13:1-7, Jude 1:8-11) and Spirit of Prophecy counsel, we are told that we should have respect for authority, and we should conduct ourselves so that we don't bring reproach on ourselves or on the church or on Christ.

Practically, a member of a local church is supposed to respect the pastor; similarly the pastor is hired by the conference and therefore the pastor of the church is supposed to respect the conference president and/or the executive committee. In like manner we are expected to respect the authority of the conference president the union president the division president and the general conference president. We are not at liberty to trash them to treat them with disdain, to speak evil against them, or to revile them, simply because we disagree with what they do.

This does not mean that people in authority shall do arbitrary (or wrong) things and get away with them. There is a time, place and manner to deal with such failings, but never should we resort to disrespectful, accusatory, condemnatory or judgmental behavior, but follow the established principles of conflict resolution, and leave Satan’s tactics to himself.

Failing to heed the Bible which has numerous comments on these things will unfortunately cause us to be led astray by the devil and be classified as joining with his rebellion. This is so even if the leaders are wrong in their decisions. They are accountable to the church and to God, but the manner in which we conduct ourselves will show what spirit motivates us. This is a call for the church to step back from the chasm and escape the snare of the enemy. What follows is a detailed analysis of my claims.

Motivation

When studying the book of Acts I came across an incident when the high priest was unjustly persecuting Paul who subsequently lashed out, as it is written.

· Acts 23:2-5 And the high priest Ananias commanded those who stood by him to strike him on the mouth. Then Paul said to him, “God will strike you, you whitewashed wall! For you sit to judge me according to the law, and do you command me to be struck contrary to the law?” And those who stood by said, “Do you revile God’s high priest?” Then Paul said, “I did not know, brethren, that he was the high priest; for it is written, ‘You shall not speak evil of a ruler of your people.’ ”

In this incident the high priest was clearly wrong in assaulting Paul. In response Paul spoke some “harsh” words and was reproved for reviling the high priest. Paul then apologized for his outburst because he remembered the Mount Sinai experience where that was strictly forbidden:

· Exodus 22:28 You shall not revile God, nor curse a ruler of your people.

What does this say to us? Even if the leader is wrong and even if the actions and words of the leader are undesirable or reprehensible, we do not have the right to speak evil of the leader. This means a congregant should not speak evil of the pastor or elder; the church members should not speak evil of the conference leadership nor the general conference leadership; neither should we speak evil of the leaders of the country even if they are not religious leaders. I fear that those who do not understand this principle are violating a key idea of redemption: the concept of respect, submission and cooperation with those who are on the same journey from sin to glory, though faulty along the way. Respect of human leadership is preparation for respect of/for God’s leadership. If we fail, we will cultivate a rebellious spirit and would have succumbed to the artistry of Satan and be lumped with him in the judgment. This is not an exaggeration.

The Study

Both the Bible and Spirit of Prophecy are strong on respect for authority. After looking at selected references, we will end with a powerful case study from the Bible which should be sufficient to end all disputes.

Respect for Authority: A Biblical and Practical Case

The Bible consistently teaches respect for authority, even when leaders are flawed, because submission to authority reflects our character and our trust in God. This principle applies to both spiritual and secular leadership, as demonstrated in the following analysis of scripture and principles of Christian living.

1. Biblical Basis for Respecting Authority

Paul rebuked the high priest for hypocrisy but quickly apologized when he realized he had spoken against a leader, acknowledging the command in Exodus 22:28. Paul’s humility demonstrates that respect for authority is required, even when the authority appears unjust. Similarly, Solomon wrote in Ecclesiastes 10:20 “Do not curse the king, even in your thought.”

These passages warn against speaking ill of leaders, emphasizing the power of words and the consequences of dishonoring authority. In Romans 13:1-7 Christians are commanded to be subject to governing authorities, emphasizing that all authority is instituted by God. Resisting authority is equated with resisting God’s ordinance. This principle applies to both secular and spiritual governance. The Apostle Peter goes to the same length or even further when he said:

· 1 Peter 2:13-15 Therefore submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord’s sake, whether to the king as supreme, or to governors, as to those who are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers and for the praise of those who do good. For this is the will of God, that by doing good you may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men.

This is a strong, emphatic statement and needs no elaboration. The words cannot be clearer. Every ordinance of man which means resisting the government is despising the will of God. Now this does not include violating a clear commandment of God for Peter himself said, “We ought to obey God rather than men” (Acts 5:29). We ought to think carefully about resisting just and reasonable orders of the governing/ruling authorities. Not only should we obey, but we should refrain from speaking evil about them.

· 2 Peter 2:10 and especially those who walk according to the flesh in the lust of uncleanness and despise authority. They are presumptuous, self-willed. They are not afraid to speak evil of dignitaries.

Despising authority and being willing to speak evil of authority figures is described as walking in the lust of the flesh. Galatians 5:16-21 uses similar language and concludes that, “those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.” Should that not be enough warning? It is identified as a dangerous trait that affiliates with the rebellion of Satan.

Paul’s admonition to church members is very strong. His fervent exhortation to the Thessalonians serves as a clarion call for respect, unity, and proper conduct within the body of Christ. At its core, the instruction addresses the relationship between church members and their leaders, emphasizing mutual respect and the pursuit of peace. In light of growing tensions and potential rebellion, it is critical to reflect on these principles, recognizing the spiritual peril of disregarding God’s appointed order.

· 1 Thessalonians 5:12-14 "And we urge you, brethren, to recognize those who labor among you, and are over you in the Lord and admonish you, and to esteem them very highly in love for their work’s sake. Be at peace among yourselves. Now we exhort you, brethren, warn those who are unruly, comfort the fainthearted, uphold the weak, be patient with all."

A. Recognizing and Esteeming Church Leaders

He begins by urging the church to "recognize those who labor among you, and are over you in the Lord and admonish you." Ministers are worthy of respect, even though they are not God and are not perfect. This command is multi-fold:

• Recognize: Acknowledge the God-ordained authority of church leaders. Their role is not self-assumed but divinely appointed (Hebrews 13:7). They labor for the spiritual well-being of the flock, often at great personal cost.

  • Remember those who rule over you, who have spoken the word of God to you, whose faith follow, considering the outcome of their conduct.

• They are “over you in the Lord. They are there by a Divine appointment, not as task masters, nor by mere human patronage, even if we participated in the elections that placed them in office, but they were placed there at the pleasure of the Lord. The office is sacred, no different from that of Moses, Joshua, Paul, Timothy, Peter and Titus. Their influence is full of care, exertion, watchfulness, responsibility. They should not be despised, even if they have rebuked any member, as Paul told Titus:

  • Titus 2:15 Speak these things, exhort, and rebuke with all authority. Let no one despise you.

• Esteem Them Very Highly in Love: Church members are called to hold their leaders in high regard, not because of their personalities but "for their work’s sake." Leadership in the church is a sacred task, and disrespect toward leaders undermines God’s mission. They are tasked with coordinating the work of upholding the blood-stained banner of King Immanuel, and no one on earth should dare interfere with this the highest calling.

• The Work of Admonition: Leaders are tasked with admonishing the church—correcting, guiding, and sometimes rebuking. This is not always pleasant but is necessary for the growth and health of the congregation. These leaders are builders, watchmen, teachers, soldiers. Their labors are—preparatory in studies, executive in duties, solitary in trials. They should expect “double honor”, for their work is the highest calling given to men (1 Timothy 5:17).

  • Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.

Failing to recognize and esteem church leaders is not merely a slight against them; it is an affront to God, who established their authority. As Paul states in Romans 13:1, "the authorities that exist are appointed by God."

B. The Danger of Rebellion

The rebellion of Korah (Numbers 16) serves as a sobering example of the consequences of disregarding spiritual authority. Korah and his followers challenged Moses and Aaron, accusing them of exalting themselves above the congregation. Their rebellion was not just against men but against God Himself. The earth swallowed them alive as a divine judgment, demonstrating that rebellion against God’s appointed leaders is a serious offense.

In the New Testament, Jude warns against those who "reject authority" and compares them to "brute beasts" who corrupt themselves (Jude 1:8-11). Similarly, Peter admonishes believers to submit to their elders, saying, "Likewise you younger people, submit yourselves to your elders. Yes, all of you be submissive to one another, and be clothed with humility, for 'God resists the proud but gives grace to the humble” (1 Peter 5:5). Here we get an insight into the disrespect and lack of submission – lack of humility, that is, pride. This is no different from the rebellion that started in heaven.

Rebellion within the church is not merely a matter of interpersonal conflict; it is a spiritual disease that threatens the unity and mission of the body of Christ.

C. The Role of the Congregation

Paul’s exhortation in 1 Thessalonians 5:14 outlines the responsibilities of church members:

• Warn the Unruly: Those who disrupt peace and challenge authority must be lovingly but firmly corrected. Tolerating rebellion allows it to spread and weaken the church.

• Comfort the Fainthearted: Those struggling with doubt or fear need encouragement to trust in God’s plan and in the leaders He has placed over them. It is also the responsibility of the members to encourage the leaders so that they do not buckle under the challenges.

  • Joshua 1:16-18 So they answered Joshua, saying … Only be strong and of good courage.

• Uphold the Weak: Strengthen those who are spiritually or emotionally vulnerable, helping them remain steadfast in faith and unity.

• Be Patient with All: Patience is essential in maintaining unity and fostering an environment where everyone can grow in Christ.

Church leaders are accountable to God for their stewardship, but church members are also accountable for how they respond to leadership. Disobedience and rebellion grieve leaders and hinder their ability to serve effectively. Worse, it invites divine displeasure. The parable of the talents (Matthew 25:14-30) illustrates that God holds everyone accountable for their responsibilities, including respect for His order. Those who squander their opportunities, including the chance to support and build up the church, face judgment.

By fulfilling these duties, the congregation supports the work of its leaders and ensures the church remains a place of peace and order.

D. Respect for Authority as Character Development

Rebellion is Satan’s signature trait. His fall stemmed from a refusal to submit to God’s authority, and he has since sought to instill this trait in humanity. God’s people, however, are called to reflect Christ’s humility and obedience.

Jesus, though equal with God, "humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross" (Philippians 2:8). If Christ submitted to authority, how much more should we, as fallen beings, honor the leaders He has placed over us?

Respecting authority is a test of character. Those who cannot submit on earth are unfit for the perfect order of heaven.

Heaven as a Realm of Order: Ellen White repeatedly emphasizes the order and harmony that prevail in heaven. She describes it as a place of perfect submission to God's will and a harmonious relationship among all of God's creatures. All beings, including angels, recognize and submit to His supreme rule.

Rebellion as a Barrier to Heaven: White consistently warns against the dangers of rebellion and pride, which led to Satan's fall. She emphasizes that those who harbor rebellious or insubordinate attitudes will not be welcomed into heaven.

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No Contention or Discord—No voices of contention mar the sweet and perfect peace of heaven. Its inhabitants know no sorrow, no grief, no tears. All is in perfect harmony, in perfect order and perfect bliss....

Heaven is a home where sympathy is alive in every heart, expressed in every look. Love reigns there. There are no jarring elements, no discord or contentions or war of words.—Letter 30, 1882 quoted in Last Day Events, 296. Heaven 141.3, 141.4

On the Fall of Satan: Until this time all heaven had been in order, harmony, and perfect subjection to the government of God. It was the highest sin to rebel against His order and will. (Spiritual Gifts, Vol. 1: Page 28)

Shall we not recognize what is going on here? Can we not see the pattern unfolding?

A Summary of Our Responsibilities

What shall we do? Not only must we respect authority, but we are also supposed to pray for them as outlined by Paul to Timothy. They need our sympathy and prayers.

· 1 Timothy 2:1-2 Therefore I exhort first of all that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks be made for all men, for kings and all who are in authority, that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and reverence.

See also Ezra 6:8-10 which adds that we must support them in their official duties.

Note that the powers that be are ordained by God (Romans 13:1-5; 1 Peter 2:13-15).

They must be treated with respect, themselves and their decisions. Failing to do so can result in terminal punishment.

· Joshua 1:16-18 So they answered Joshua, saying, “All that you command us we will do, and wherever you send us we will go. Just as we heeded Moses in all things, so we will heed you. Only the Lord your God be with you, as He was with Moses. Whoever rebels against your command and does not heed your words, in all that you command him, shall be put to death. Only be strong and of good courage.”

Whatever they administer, when it is law, is based on the will and authority of God.

· Romans 13:2 Therefore whoever resists the authority resists the ordinance of God, and those who resist will bring judgment on themselves.

They are ordained to look after national stability and personal safety. This includes national responses to things like crime, pandemics, war, or other grave emergencies (called evil):

· Romans 13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil. Do you want to be unafraid of the authority? Do what is good, and you will have praise from the same.

In spite of their decisions, and the effect it might have, they have the right to respect and should not have to fear hostile actions or derogatory words:

· Proverbs 17:26 Also, to punish the righteous is not good, nor to strike princes for their uprightness.

· Job 34:17-18 Should one who hates justice govern? Will you condemn Him who is most just? Is it fitting to say to a king, ‘You are worthless,’ and to nobles, ‘You are wicked’?

Nor to strike princes for their uprightness: to strike rulers for doing the duty of their place and office, for doing that which is just and equitable among men, is very criminal. Instead, these should be encouraged and supported in their duties, knowing they are the ones attracting the cruel hatred of the enemy. They are the servants of the law.

As humans, they are weak and subject to the same human infirmities we all have, so justice may occasionally be miscarried; they may err or go astray in their actions. Even then, it is better to suffer than to bring the law into disrepute.

· Proverbs 24:21-22 My son, fear the LORD and the king; do not associate with those given to change; for their calamity will rise suddenly, and who knows the ruin those two can bring?

Fear will warp the judgment and divert the course of justice or right doing.

We know they can go astray, and if they violate God’s law by commanding us to do something illegal or immoral, then we do not have to obey.

· Acts 4:19-20 But Peter and John answered and said to them, “Whether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you more than to God, you judge. For we cannot but speak the things which we have seen and heard.”

· Acts 5:29 But Peter and the other apostles answered and said: “We ought to obey God rather than men.

Remember that they are subject to God Who will ask for an account.

· 2 Samuel 23:3 The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spoke to me: ‘He who rules over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God.

That was a simple case on how we should conduct ourselves. Below are several quotes from the Spirit of Prophecy.

2. Ellen White’s Counsel on Respect for Authority

Ellen White strongly advocated respect, unity and submission to authority, particularly within the church. She emphasized that rebellion, criticism, and disrespect mirror Satan’s rebellion in heaven and are destructive to God’s work. Her quotes are too numerous to mention. From her writings we glean:

Respect for God-Ordained Authority: Ellen White frequently emphasized the importance of recognizing and respecting God-ordained authority. This includes respect for parents, teachers, church leaders, and civil authorities. She taught that God has established order and hierarchy for the good of society and the church. (See "The Adventist Home," pp. 49-51)

Avoiding Division and Disunity: Criticizing and speaking against church leaders, especially publicly, can sow seeds of division and disunity within the church. Ellen White strongly emphasized the importance of unity and harmony within the body of Christ. (See "The Ministry of Healing," p. 483)

On the importance of unity and order: "Unless the churches are so organized that they can carry out and enforce order, they have nothing to hope for in the future; they must scatter into fragments.” (Manuscript Releases, vol. 17, p. 264)

On the dangers of disunity: "The spirit of criticism and faultfinding is a dangerous element in the church. It tends to weaken the hands of those who are laboring faithfully, and to discourage and dishearten them. It destroys confidence, and begets suspicion and distrust. It leads to disunion, and hinders the progress of the truth." (Testimonies for the Church, vol. 5, p. 250)

On the need for humility and submission: "True humility will lead every soul to submit to the authority of God and to the authority which He has placed over His people." (Testimonies for the Church, vol. 5, p. 251)

“Angels work harmoniously. Perfect order characterizes all their movements. The more closely we imitate the harmony and order of the angelic host, the more successful will be the efforts of these heavenly agents in our behalf.... Never will these heavenly messengers place their endorsement upon irregularity, disorganization, and disorder.”-(Testimonies for the Church 1:649, 650.)

The position the Lord’s church should occupy; the order and discipline which he has taught in his Word should prevail in the church, and how, in the rise of the cause of third angel’s message, order was established among this people; that order of which we are told the Lord “wrought in the organization that has been perfected.” (Christian Education, 136, edition of 1894.)

Of this organization we read, “to provide for the support of the ministry, for carrying on the work in new fields, for protecting both the church and ministry from unworthy members, for holding church property, for the publication of the truth through the press, and for other objects, organization was indispensable. (Mrs. E. G. White, in General Conference Daily Bulletin, January 29, 1893.)

On the importance of order at the present time: “As we near the close of time, ... order must be observed, and there must be union in maintaining order, or Satan will take the advantage.” (Testimonies for the Church 1:210.)

Again, “every member of the church has a voice in choosing officers of the church. The church chooses the officers of the State conferences. Delegates chosen by the State conferences choose the officers of the union conferences; and delegates chosen by the union conferences choose the officers of the General Conference. By this arrangement every conference, every institution, every church, and every individual, either directly or through representatives, has a voice in the election of the men who bear the chief responsibilities in the General Conference.” (Testimonies for the Church 8:236, 237.)

Respect for Leadership and Unity - Avoid Self-Confidence: " You are constantly inclined to individual independence. You do not realize that independence is a poor thing when it leads you to have too much confidence in yourself, and to trust to your own judgment rather than to respect the counsel and highly estimate the judgment of your brethren, especially of those in the offices which God has appointed for the saving of His people. God has invested His church with special authority and power which no one can be justified in disregarding and despising; for in so doing he despises the voice of God.” (Testimonies for the Church 3:41.)

Submission to the General Conference: "God has ordained that the representatives of His church from all parts of the earth, when assembled in a General Conference, shall have authority." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 9, p. 260)

Rebellion as a Reflection of Satan’s Character: "Satan has a large confederacy, his church. Christ calls them the synagogue of Satan because the members are the children of sin. The members of Satan’s church have been constantly working to cast off the divine law and confuse the distinction between good and evil. Satan is working with great power in and through the children of disobedience, to exalt treason and apostasy as truth and loyalty. And at this time the power of his satanic inspiration is moving the living agencies to carry out the great rebellion against God that commenced in heaven." (Christian Experience and Teachings, p. 207)

Church Authority Reflects God’s Will

"When the judgment of the General Conference, which is the highest authority that God has upon earth, is exercised, private independence and private judgment must not be maintained, but be surrendered." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 3, p. 492)

"Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with grief: for that is unprofitable for you." [Hebrews 13:17.] These specific directions would not have been given, unless there were those who needed reproof, counsel and advice. (8LtMs, Ms 97, 1893, par. 5 - 8LtMs, Ms 97, 1893, par. 6)

3. Practical Applications for the Church

The preceding should be put into practice by all, in the following manner:

1. Church Members Respecting Pastors:
   Pastors are appointed by God to shepherd His people (Ephesians 4:11-12). Members must respect their spiritual leaders, even if they are flawed, as a demonstration of humility and trust in God’s plan. Criticism of pastors can sow discord, damage faith, and hinder the church’s mission. Disobedience when asked to do something that is not wrong is also against the law of God (1 Samuel 15:23)

2. Pastors Respecting Conference Leadership:
   Just as members must respect their pastors, pastors are called to submit to the Conference leadership, recognizing that God works through church governance to guide His people. Michigan is an at-will employment state, meaning that either the employer or employee can end the employment relationship at any time, as long as it's not for an illegal reason. To demand reinstatement of a dismissed employee is violating the authority vested in the Conference.

3. Respecting General Conference Leadership:
   Criticism of the General Conference undermines unity in the global church. While leaders may err, God has promised to correct them in His time. Rebellion against church leadership is rebellion against God’s authority.

4. All Respecting Secular Leaders:
   Romans 13:1-7 commands respect for secular authorities, acknowledging that God permits their rule for a purpose. Even flawed rulers are part of His providence, as seen in examples like Nebuchadnezzar and Pilate.

4. Important Considerations

A rebellious nature is the offspring of Satan, and he bequeathed it to the entire human race. We must use these crises as opportunities to reject this part of our nature and grow in the knowledge and grace of Christ.

1. Satan’s Rebellion:
   Satan's rebellion against God stemmed from his disdain for God’s authority and serves as a powerful reminder of the dangers of disrespecting those placed over us. Satan, driven by pride and a desire for self-exaltation, rebelled against God and sought to usurp His authority. This act of rebellion had devastating consequences, resulting in sin and suffering which entered the earth. When we rebel against earthly leaders, we reflect his character, not Christ’s. Christians are called to rise above the world’s divisiveness and demonstrate respect for authority, trusting God to hold leaders accountable.

2. Character Development:
   Respecting authority, even when leaders are wrong, is part of the refining process God uses to prepare His people for heaven. He cannot admit those who harbor rebellion into His kingdom. By cultivating a spirit of humility and respect for authority, we resist the influence of Satan and associate ourselves with God's order and plan.

o 1 Samuel 15:23 For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He also has rejected you from being king.”

5. Compelling Reasons to Respect Authority

1. God’s Authority is Reflected in Human Leadership:
   Disrespect for leaders is disrespect for God, who permits their authority.

2. Unity and Mission:
   A rebellious spirit disrupts the church’s mission. Respect for leadership fosters unity and demonstrates God’s character to the world.

3. Trust in God’s Sovereignty:
   When we respect leaders despite their flaws, we show faith in God’s ability to guide and correct His church.

4. Preparation for Heaven:
   Learning to respect authority is essential for character development. Heaven is a place of perfect order, and those who rebel against earthly authority cannot align with God’s divine government.

In summary, whether in the church or in secular society, respect for authority is a reflection of our relationship with God. It demonstrates trust in His sovereignty, submission to His refining process, and a commitment to unity in His mission. Let us remember that Satan’s rebellion began with disdain for authority, and by honoring those God has placed over us, we reject Satan’s character and align ourselves with Christ’s humility.

Important Note:

• This does not mean blind obedience or condoning wrongdoing.

• It is important to address concerns and issues within the church through appropriate channels, such as prayer, private conversations, and respectful dialogue.

• Ultimately, our allegiance is to God, and we must always be guided by His Word and the promptings of the Holy Spirit.

6. A Case Study

The Bible has an interesting passage that shows how Christ dealt with a rebel who tried to reject and usurp His authority. It is necessary for us to consider this as we wrap up our analysis, for it covers all the key points. This is an exegetical analysis of Jude 8-11.

Jude 1:8–11 (NKJV)

"Likewise also these dreamers defile the flesh, reject authority, and speak evil of dignitaries. Yet Michael the archangel, in contending with the devil, when he disputed about the body of Moses, dared not bring against him a reviling accusation, but said, 'The Lord rebuke you!' But these speak evil of whatever they do not know; and whatever they know naturally, like brute beasts, in these things they corrupt themselves. Woe to them! For they have gone in the way of Cain, have run greedily in the error of Balaam for profit, and perished in the rebellion of Korah."

1. Contextual Background

Jude, the half-brother of Jesus, writes this epistle to warn the church about false teachers and ungodly individuals infiltrating the community of believers. These intruders distort God’s grace, deny the authority of Christ, and lead others into sin. Jude highlights their characteristics, condemns their actions, and draws upon Old Testament examples to illustrate the consequences of their rebellion.

2. Verse-by-Verse Exegesis

Verse 8: "Likewise also these dreamers defile the flesh, reject authority, and speak evil of dignitaries."

• "Dreamers": The term implies that these individuals are deluded by their own vain, false empty imaginations or false visions, living in moral and spiritual unreality. They allow their sinful desires to dictate their actions, distorting truth for personal gain. Sinners delude themselves in dreaming of themselves, that they are not so bad as others because they abstain from gross abominations (Luke 18:11); dreaming that they are in good and happy condition before God, being indeed miserable and bad (Revelation 3:17; Galatians 6:3). Sinners delude themselves in dreaming concerning their actions that they are good, because done with a good intention, not considering that a work may be good in a man’s own eyes and the issues thereof the ways of death (2 Samuel 6:7; Proverbs16:25)

• "Defile the flesh": This refers to sexual immorality or sinful indulgences. These individuals corrupt their bodies through immoral behavior, ignoring God’s standards of holiness (impurity of religion is usually joined with uncleanness). They gratify the lust of the flesh.

• "Reject authority": They rebel against God’s appointed leaders and ultimately against God Himself, refusing to submit to divine order. These seducers did not cast off governing so as to make it cease; that was not in their power; but in their judgment, desires, and insinuations, they worked to make it nullify the authorities’ actions. So this is a sin against an ordinance of God (Proverbs 8:15; Romans 13:1); a sin against the welfare and happiness of the church; by this action they were sinned against their own souls (Proverbs 24:22; Ecclesiastes10:8).

• "Speak evil of dignitaries": The term "dignitaries" may refer to spiritual beings, such as angels, or earthly authorities. Their irreverence reflects a deeper contempt for God’s sovereignty. They do not realize that Christianity does not destroy but strengthen ordained authority. This emphasizes the destructive nature of their words. These false teachers not only reject authority but actively slander and undermine those in positions of leadership.

  • This can include:

    • Slandering church leaders: Criticizing pastors, elders, or other church officials unjustly.

    • Speaking ill of government officials: Disrespecting or undermining civil authorities.

    • Blaspheming against God or spiritual beings: Speaking disrespectfully or blasphemously about God, angels, or other spiritual beings.

Verse 9: "Yet Michael the archangel, in contending with the devil, when he disputed about the body of Moses, dared not bring against him a reviling accusation, but said, 'The Lord rebuke you!'"

• Michael the archangel: Christ in his role as the commander of God’s armies (Daniel 12:1, Revelation 12:7), shows restraint even when contending with Satan.

• "Disputed about the body of Moses": Satan claimed Moses’ body, to prevent his resurrection, because he sinned when he struck the rock.

• "Dared not bring against him a reviling accusation": Unlike the false teachers who speak arrogantly, Jesus shows respect for God’s authority, entrusting judgment to the Lord. Note that Satan “deserved” the harshest words and brutal force, but Christ reserves that for the judgment. What then us?

• "The Lord rebuke you": Michael relies on God’s power, not his own, as the ultimate authority to confront evil.

Verse 10: "But these speak evil of whatever they do not know; and whatever they know naturally, like brute beasts, in these things they corrupt themselves."

• "Speak evil of whatever they do not know": The false teachers mock and slander things they do not understand, revealing their ignorance of God’s ways. Many persons accuse, judge, condemn and write off leaders, without even knowing all the facts. Proverbs 18:13 says "He who answers a matter before he hears it, it is folly and shame to him." This verse emphasizes the importance of getting all the information before making a decision or giving an answer. It highlights the wisdom in listening and understanding fully before acting. How many have rushed to posting things without having the full information!

• "Whatever they know naturally, like brute beasts": They rely on instinct and base desires rather than spiritual discernment or careful investigation, degrading themselves to an animalistic existence. Such is the person who jumps to conclusions and rushes to action without knowing the matter. The riot in Ephesus (Acts 19:21-41) saw confused idol worshippers screaming in frenzy for hours without even knowing what the issue was.

• "They corrupt themselves": Their actions bring self-destruction, as they indulge in sin and reject divine wisdom.

Verse 11: "Woe to them! For they have gone in the way of Cain, have run greedily in the error of Balaam for profit, and perished in the rebellion of Korah."

• "Woe to them!": Jude pronounces judgment, echoing Old Testament prophetic warnings.

• "The way of Cain": Refers to Cain’s selfishness, envy, and disregard for God’s commands and eventual murder of Abel (Genesis 4:3-8). The false teachers similarly reject God’s authority and end up crucifying the innocent one(s). Jesus said that anger without a cause against our brother is murder (Matthew 5) and that was the sin of Cain. Just like how Cain came with false worship, so will defiant ones teach false doctrines and are full of wrath when reproved. Ephesians 4:26-27 tells us anger and wrath give place to the devil and 1 John 3:12 says that Cain was of the wicked one (Satan). James 1:20 says “the wrath of man does not produce the righteousness of God.” It would do well to be still, be calm.

• "The error of Balaam for profit": Balaam, a prophet who sought financial gain by misleading Israel into idolatry and immorality (Numbers 22–25), typifies those who exploit religion for personal benefit.

• "The rebellion of Korah": Korah led a revolt against Moses and Aaron, challenging God’s chosen leadership (Numbers 16). His rebellion brought swift judgment, symbolizing the fate of all who defy God’s order. Should we be hasty to challenge ordained leaders?

3. Key Themes

1. Rebellion Against Authority: The false teachers mirror Satan’s rebellion in heaven, rejecting God’s order and promoting defiance. Respect for divine and earthly authority is a hallmark of true discipleship.

2. Judgment for Ungodliness: Jude reminds readers that God’s judgment is certain for those who lead others astray, as illustrated by Cain, Balaam, and Korah.

3. Humility and Dependence on God: Jesus’ example highlights the importance of deferring to God’s authority, rather than taking matters into one’s own hands.

4. Consequences of Sin: The progression of sin—from envy (Cain) to greed (Balaam) to outright rebellion (Korah)—shows how unchecked sin escalates, leading to destruction.

4. Application

This passage tells us how we should conduct ourselves, especially in the face of spiritual challenges.

• Respect for Authority: Believers are called to respect both spiritual and secular authority, trusting God’s sovereignty even when leaders are flawed.

• Spiritual Discernment: Avoid slander and irreverence toward those in authority, and seek God’s wisdom through His Word, following the Biblical principles outlined earlier.

• Watchfulness Against False Teachers: Be vigilant against those who distort the gospel for personal gain or lead others into sin. When people attack the tithe, the question is begged if they want to set up independent ministries and get the tithe through the claim of being the true church.

• Trust in God’s Judgment: Like Jesus, believers must rely on God’s power and timing to address evil rather than resorting to arrogance or self-reliance.

This passage serves as a strong warning against the dangers of:

• Slander and gossip: Speaking ill of others, especially those in positions of leadership.

• Rebellion against legitimate authority: Disregarding or defying the instructions and guidance of church leaders or civil authorities.

• Embracing false teachings: Rejecting sound doctrine and embracing heretical beliefs.

Key Theological Points:

• The Dangers of False Teachers: Jude warns against the destructive influence of false teachers who introduce heretical doctrines, promote immorality, and sow discord within the church.

• The Importance of Respecting Authority: This passage underscores the biblical principle of respecting legitimate authority, whether within the church or in society.

• The Connection to Satan: The actions of these false teachers mirror Satan's rebellion against God, highlighting the insidious nature of their influence.

By diligently studying God's Word and guarding against the influence of false teachers, we can remain grounded in truth and faithfully serve God and His church.

Conclusion

I end with a call. Please refrain from accusations (the devil is the accuser of the brethren), from condemnation, from harsh rhetoric, from even rebellion which is fomented by railing against the authority of elected leaders.

You don’t have to agree with them, and they won’t prevail if they are not in the right. Why should you endanger your soul? Why should you go the way of Satan? Why should you throw it all away? Do not allow pride or stubbornness cause you to defile your souls. There is nothing to be gained that can compensate for your loss. Resist the devil and he will flee. Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. Commit any real or perceived grievance to the Creator who faithfully watches over our souls and is sorely grieved as he sees the ravenous wolf devouring His flock. Step back from the chasm and press together so one day we can all meet in heaven having a grand time with Jesus. Will you listen?

Additional EGW Quotes

Testimonies for the Church, Volume 5, Page 423: "Although they may profess the truth, yet if men pass along day by day with no living connection with God, they will be led to do strange things; decisions will be made not in accordance with the will of God. There is no safety for our leading brethren while they shall go forward according to their own impulses. They will not be yoked up with Christ, and so will not move in harmony with Him. They will be unable to see and realize the wants of the cause, and Satan will move upon them to take positions that will embarrass and hinder."

Prophets and Kings, Page 31: "The path of men who are placed as leaders is not an easy one. But they are to see in every difficulty a call to prayer. Never are they to fail of consulting the great Source of all wisdom. Strengthened and enlightened by the Master Worker, they will be enabled to stand firm against unholy influences and to discern right from wrong, good from evil. They will approve that which God approves, and will strive earnestly against the introduction of wrong principles into His cause."

Manuscript 140, 1902: "No man is so high in power and authority but that Satan will assail him with temptation. And the more responsible the position a man occupies, the fiercer and more determined are the assaults of the enemy. Let God's servants in every place study His word, looking constantly to Jesus, that they may be changed into His image. The inexhaustible fullness and the all-sufficiency of Christ are at our command if we walk before God in humility and contrition."

Testimonies for the Church, Volume 9, Page 261: "The church of Christ on earth is to be a powerful people, a name and a praise in all the earth. The church is to be a light in the world, a city set on a hill, which cannot be hid. The members are to be united in bonds of Christian fellowship and love. They are to be one in heart and purpose, bound together by the golden chain of love, and united in their efforts to build up the kingdom of Christ in the earth."

Gospel Workers, Page 495: "The church is God's appointed agency for the salvation of men. It was organized for service, and its mission is to carry the gospel to the world. From the beginning it has been God's plan that through His church shall be reflected to the world His fullness and His sufficiency. The members of the church, those whom He has called out of darkness into His marvelous light, are to show forth His glory."

Testimonies for the Church, Volume 6, Page 42: "The church is God's fortress, His city of refuge, which He holds in a revolted world. Any betrayal of the church is treachery to Him who has bought mankind with the blood of His only-begotten Son. From the beginning, faithful souls have constituted the church on earth. In every age the Lord has had His watchmen, who have borne a faithful testimony to the generation in which they lived. These sentinels gave the message of warning; and when they were called to lay off their armor, others took up the work."

The Desire of Ages, Page 680: "The church is God's appointed agency for the salvation of men. It was organized for service, and its mission is to carry the gospel to the world. From the beginning it has been God's plan that through His church shall be reflected to the world His fullness and His sufficiency. The members of the church, those whom He has called out of darkness into His marvelous light, are to show forth His glory."

Testimonies for the Church, Volume 1, Page 361-362: "We are to recognize human government as an ordinance of divine appointment and teach obedience to it as a sacred duty, within its legitimate sphere. But when its claims conflict with the claims of God, we must obey God rather than men. God's Word must be recognized as above all human legislation. A 'Thus saith the Lord' is not to be set aside for a 'Thus saith the church' or a 'Thus saith the state.' The crown of Christ is to be lifted above the diadems of earthly potentates."

The Acts of the Apostles, Page 69: "It is our duty in every case to obey the laws of our land, unless they conflict with the higher law which God spoke with an audible voice from Sinai and afterward engraved on stone with His own finger.... The ten precepts of Jehovah are the foundation of all righteous and good laws. Those who love God's commandments will conform to every good law of the land."

My Life Today, October 3: "Honour all men. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honour the king. Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear; not only to the good and gentle, but also to the forward. 1 Peter 2:17, 18. The apostle plainly outlined the attitude that believers should sustain toward the civil authorities: 'Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme; or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well. For so is the will of God, that with well-doing ye may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men: as free, and not using your liberty for a cloke of maliciousness, but as the servants of God. Honour all men. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honour the king.'"

“During our conversation, I told her how Mother [Ellen White] regarded the experience of the remnant church, and of her positive teaching that God would not permit this denomination to so fully apostatize that there would be the coming out of another church.” Arthur L. White, Ellen G. White: The Later Elmshaven Years (Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald Pub. Assn., 1982), vol. 6, p. 428.

"Let every man be fully persuaded in his own mind. But when a decision has been reached by the church, let every member cheerfully acquiesce." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 251)

"There should be no spirit of rebellion against those placed in positions of trust." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 251)

"Let every member of the church feel his responsibility to uphold the hands of those who are laboring in the Lord's vineyard." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 251)

"The Lord desires His people to be united. He desires that there shall be harmony of action and oneness of purpose among His servants." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 251)

"Let there be unity of action, harmony of purpose, among the workers in the Lord's vineyard." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 251)

"Do not allow any feelings to arise in your hearts against those whom God has chosen as leaders of His people. Do not speak disrespectfully of them or treat them as though they were not chosen of God." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 6, p. 42)

Do Not Despise Leadership: "Those who are inclined to regard their individual judgment as supreme are in grave peril. It is Satan’s studied effort to separate such ones from those who are channels of light, through whom God has wrought to build up and extend His work in the earth. To neglect or despise those whom God has appointed to bear the responsibilities of leadership in connection with the advancement of the truth, is to reject the means that He has ordained for the help, encouragement, and strength of His people. " (Gospel Workers, p. 444)

Submission to the Church Protects Against Deception: "It is necessary to have order in the church. The Lord has made the church the depository of sacred truths. Those who refuse to respect church order and discipline, and who will not be guided by their brethren, have not the Spirit of Christ." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 107)

God Holds Leaders Accountable: "Let none speak lightly of the institution of the church. Those who are placed in positions of authority should be respected, and we should remember that God will hold them accountable for their responsibilities." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 5, p. 491)

Rebellion and Criticism Are Dangerous: "Let not one voice nor one hand be engaged in tearing down that which God is seeking to build up. Do not perplex and trouble others by criticizing the management or the work of your brethren, for the Lord is not pleased with such actions." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 9, p. 140)

Humility in Obedience: "Do not think that you are responsible to no one. There is authority in the church that must be respected and obeyed if we are to be in harmony with the Lord." (Manuscript Releases, Vol. 11, p. 101)

Respect Unity Means Respecting Christ: "We are not to think that individual judgment alone is sufficient to guide us. The church of God is to help direct us, and in respecting the church, we respect Christ." (Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 8, p. 236)

Submission to Church Leadership: “Independence is a poor thing when it leads you to have too much confidence in yourself, and to trust to your own judgment rather than to respect the counsel and highly estimate the judgment of your brethren, especially of those in the offices which God has appointed for the saving of his people. God has invested his church with special authority and power, which no one can be justified in disregarding and despising; for in so doing he despises the voice of God.” (Testimonies of the Church 3:417.)